The EMDR Guide

EMDR, phase by phase.

A clinician-reviewed walk through the whole protocol — the eight phases, the mechanism, the evidence, and every term that trips people up.

Reviewed for accuracy · written against EMDRIA training standards & the WHO (2013) trauma guidelines · cited to primary sources

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The Eight Phases

What Is EMDR? The eight-phase model, the AIP theory, and what a session feels like. Phase 1: History-Taking Mapping targets and building the treatment plan. Phase 2: Preparation Stabilization and resourcing — Calm Place and Container. Phase 3: Assessment Activating a target: NC, PC, SUD, VOC. Phase 4: Desensitization Reprocessing with dual attention until distress clears. Phase 5: Installation Strengthening the positive belief to a felt 7. Phase 6: Body Scan Clearing residual somatic charge. Phase 7: Closure Returning to equilibrium at every session's end. Phase 8: Reevaluation Checking what held and steering what's next.

Mechanism & Reference

Bilateral Stimulation What the eye movements, tones, and taps actually do. EMDR Glossary SUD, VOC, AIP, touchstone, channel — every term defined. Does EMDR Work? What forty years of trials and guidelines show.

EMDR For…

EMDR for PTSD The presentation EMDR was built for — and where its evidence is strongest. EMDR for Anxiety Treating the experiences beneath panic, phobias, and worry. EMDR for Depression Reaching the beliefs and losses underneath low mood. EMDR for Complex Trauma Adapting the protocol for C-PTSD and developmental wounds. EMDR for Grief Clearing the trauma of a loss while keeping the love. EMDR with Children The same engine, a developmental gearbox. Attachment-Focused EMDR Relationship as the reprocessing engine (AF-EMDR). Online EMDR Therapy The protocol, delivered through a screen. Self-Administered EMDR What's safe to do alone — and what isn't.

Comparisons & Context

EMDR vs CBT Two proven paths for trauma, two very different routes. EMDR vs Brainspotting Close cousins, not twins. EMDR vs Somatic Experiencing Memory-led vs body-led trauma work.

History, Evidence & Suitability

The History of EMDR From a walk in the park to a global therapy. Evidence & Research The trials, meta-analyses, and guidelines behind EMDR. Who Is EMDR For? Suitability, good candidates, and when to pause.

Techniques & Scripts

The Standard EMDR Protocol How the eight phases and three prongs fit together. Target Sequence Plan Turning a client's history into a treatment map. Selecting Targets Touchstones, nodes, and feeder memories. The Float-Back Tracing a present trigger to its root. Cognitions List The NC/PC belief pairs, grouped by theme. Cognitive Interweaves Restarting blocked processing without leading. The Calm Place Building a mental refuge you can return to. The Container Setting distress down safely until you can process it. The Butterfly Hug Self-administered bilateral stimulation for calming. EMDR Resourcing (RDI) Building the stability reprocessing runs on. Window of Tolerance The arousal zone where reprocessing works. Session Notes What to document — and why it drives the next session.

Scripts & Printables

EMDR Cheat Sheet The eight phases, scales, and prompts on one page. Safe Place Script The Calm/Safe Place exercise, word for word. Container Script The Container exercise, word for word.